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Climate change, human activity causing global water cycles to become 'increasingly erratic': World Meteorological Organization_我的网站

一 |     “简直就像一个个大圆桌”“第一次见到这种植物，是什么品种？”“它会开花吗？”……这两天，不少市民惊喜地发现湘湖“十里荷香”迎来新变化——一张张巨大的绿色莲叶漂浮于水面，叶片舒展，为湖畔增添了别样韵味。

二 |     Climate change and human activity are causing the world's hydrological cycle to spin out of balance, according to a new report from the World Meteorological Organization.Global water cycles are becoming "increasingly erratic" due to droughts, extreme rainfall and the increased melting of snow, ice and glaciers -- all of which are a threat to long-term water security, the 2022 State of Global Water Resources report, released Thursday, found.About 3.6 billion people already face inadequate access to water at least a month per year, according to the United Nations. That number is expected to increase to 5 billion by 2050, officials said.Extreme glacier loss is occurring from the Tibetan Plateau to mountain ranges in the Himalayas, the Alps and the Andes -- all of which threaten the water security for millions of people who live on the rivers supplied by the melting."Glaciers and ice cover are retreating before our eyes," WMO Secretary-General Petteri Tallas said in a statement.In addition, rising temperatures have accelerated, causing the atmosphere to hold more moisture and facilitate more heavy downpour episodes that lead to flooding, Tallas said, adding that the "overwhelming majority" of disasters are water-related.More than 50% of the global catchment areas in large river basins experienced deviations from normal discharge conditions in 2022, according to the report. Most of these areas were drier than normal, but a smaller percentage of basins displayed above or much above normal conditions.Hotter temperatures are also causing more evaporation and much more intense droughts, Tallas said.Throughout 2022, anomalies in soil moisture and evaporation also experienced deviations, according to the report. Places like Europe saw increased evaporation and decreased soil moisture and river flows during the summer due to a major heat wave and drought, which led to challenges in agriculture as well as the shutdown of some hydrological power plants due to lack of cooling water, according to the report.Severe droughts impacted other parts of Europe in Summer 2022, posing transportation challenges on the Danube and Rhine rivers in Germany, and disrupting nuclear power production in France. In the U.S., the navigation on the Mississippi River was affected by extremely low water levels due to the continuous drought occurring in the region.The switch from La Nina in 2022 to El Nino conditions in 2023 will likely also have a major impact on water cycles around the world, the researchers said.The WMO is calling for improved monitoring and data-sharing across borders, as well as an increase in investments to facilitate international collaboration, in order to help society cope with increasing water extremes, whether it be too much or too little. They are also calling for more early warnings, and coordinated water management policy, according to the report.。

三 | 记者从湘湖管委会了解到，这是新晋落户的克鲁兹王莲。

四 | 今年6月，湘湖首次引种40株克鲁兹王莲，历经夏日滋养，在处暑节气悄然成形。图片来源：湘湖管委会不同于普通荷叶的纤细灵动，王莲自带大气磅礴的姿态，成熟叶片直径可达1.5至2米，硕大的翠叶平整舒展浮于碧波之上，叶缘整齐上翘，宛如一方方天然青玉圆桌，错落点缀在湖面，层层叠叠，绿意盎然，为渐入清秋的湘湖留住了满目生机。

五 | 如果走近了仔细观察这一方方“水上玉盘”，还会发现许多暗藏着自然的精巧玄机。王莲叶背布满粗壮的网状叶脉与细密尖刺，独特的气室结构赋予它超强浮力，均匀承重下可承载数十公斤重量。

六 | 对于王莲有一定了解的市民，或许曾经看到过这样的图片：游客坐在巨大的莲叶上打卡留念。未来，湘湖是否也会有类似的活动？湘湖管委会工作人员透露，今年是初次种植，目前叶面大小还未达到能支撑人体重量的程度。“大家还得再等等，等王莲的直径和承重能力达标后，我们也会考虑推出人上王莲打卡的服务。”再来说说王莲花，作为独特的“夜开型”花卉，王莲花仅有三日花期，却日日换新颜，第一夜初开时为纯白色，第二晚转为粉红色，第三日变为紫红色，之后闭合沉入水中结实。

七 | 因此，也有许多人称它为“变色女神”。眼下正值王莲最佳花果观赏期，7月至9月是它最美的季节。王莲虽美，却也娇贵，湘湖管委会也提醒广大市民游客，王莲叶背有尖刺，叶面虽美但不可随意触碰、投掷杂物。观赏时请保持距离，爱护这片来之不易的风景。除了“十里荷香”，湘花岛的地肤草同样吸睛。

八 | 翠绿圆润的植株连成一片，在蓝天白云的映衬下格外治愈。

九 | 据悉，地肤面积约10亩，预计10月中下旬开始变色，届时将呈现出红、黄、绿交织的秋日美景图。

十 | 值得一提的是，今年，地肤草里还多了只卡通“站岗松鼠”，引来不少游客前来打卡。工作人员介绍，因为原有地肤区块分布着较多井盖、电箱等影响美观，设计两只松鼠造型既能遮挡设施，又增添了趣味性。后期这里还将增加“比奇堡居民”等造型装置，让花海更具童话氛围。想要拍照出片的市民游客可以选择上午或傍晚光线柔和的时段，摄影效果更佳。

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